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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-8heet 1.

B. F. FIELD. FEED WATER PURIPIER AND SGALE ARRESTER. No. 416,032. Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

Wit names avwa mtbz (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2., B. P. FIELD. FEED WATER PURIFIER AND SUALE ARRESTER. No. 416,032. Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

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. B. F. FIELD. FEED WATER PURIFIER AND SGALE ARRESTER.

No. 416,032. Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. B. F. FIELD. FEED WATER. PURIFIER AND SCALE ARRESTER. No. 416,032.

Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

wi cmaooeo UNITED V STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN F. FIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIELD PATENT WVATER PURIFIER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE. I

FEED-WATER PURIFIER AND SCALE-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,032, dated November 26, 1889.

Application filed June 22, 1889. Serial No. 315,190. (No model.) Patented in England September 3, 1889, No: 13,895.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. FIELD, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Feed-VVater Purifiers and Scale Arresters, (for which I have filed an application for patent in Great Britain, dated September 3, 1889, and bearing No. 13,895,) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

My present invention relates to improvements in the construction of feed-water purifiers, heaters, and scale-arresters, more especially designed for use in connection with a system such as is described and claimed in my prior application, Serial No. 305,123, though applicable to other systems; and it consists in certain novel features of construction, ar-

rangement, and adaptation of parts particularly intended to adapt the apparatus for use and application in connection with locomotive-boilers of the well-known forms and construct-ions in common use, all as hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the preferred form of embodiment, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a portion of a locomotive-boiler. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal horizontal section through the boiler. Fig. 3 is a detail view illustrating the supports at the front end of the boiler. Fig. 4: is a similar View showing the manner of supporting the rear end of the purifier. Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse vertical section through the front end of the boiler, showing supports and connections. Fig. 6 is a view in perspective, showing the feed-water connections. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the front end of the boiler, showing arrangement of blow-off. Fig. 8 is a detail showing connection betw enrear end of heater and crownbars. Fig 9 is a perspective view, partly in section, of one section of the purifier. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 11 an end view, of one of the purifier-sections.

Similar letters and numerals of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.

Particular description of the boiler proper is deemed to be unnecessary, further than to state that the one shown is typical of the general construction of locomotive-boilers in common use, A designating the shell, B the lines, 0 the fire-box, D the crown-bars, E the stayrods for the flue-sheet, F the steanvdome, G the dry-pipe, and II II the check-valves connected to the feed-water supply.

1 designates a feed-water heater and purifier, preferably constructed after the manner described in my prior applicationthat is to say, made in sections, each provided with internal plates ortubes, as shown in Figs. 9,10, and 11, perforated to facilitate the passage of. the water and increase the area of metallic surface exposed to the action of the water, as explained in my said application. The said sections are bolted or otherwise secured together to form a sinuous conduit extending longitudinally of the boiler above the flues and partly above and partly below the normal water-line.

In order to prevent the sediment formed or deposited within the conduit 1 from being carried through into the boiler with the feedwater and to favor the separation of the heavier particles or sediment and its retention within the conduit, 1 form some or all of the sect-ions, as shown in Fig. 10,with the internal tubes shorter than the external tubes or conduit-section, leaving a clear space 2 at each end or at the contiguousends of connected sections, and in the induction end of each section so formed I locate an abutment 3, whose upper face is preferably tapered, as shown, in the direction in which the wateris conducted when feeding. The front end or face of this abutment 3 operates to check the movement of sediment along the lower portion of the conduit and to retain it at dilferent points and beyond or between the internal plates of contiguous sections, thereby serving not only to definitely locate the deposits and preventthem from beingcarried into the boiler, but also to aid in keeping the pars sages between the internal tubes substantially clear of sediment. By providing the abutments with inclined surfaces the flow of water in feeding is rendered more uniform and its distribution through the various pasice sages facilitated, and at the same time but little obstruction is offered to the passage of the steam in blowing off, and the removal of the sediment by this means is rendered more certain and expeditious.

WVhile I prefer to employ the internal tubes of my prior application, as well as the abutments or retarding-plates 3, it will be obvious that either or both of these may be omitted, so far as the features of inventions which are hereinafter described are concerned.

The next novel feature has relation to the arrangement of the conduit 1 within the boiler, its supports, and the connection with the feed-water pipes. The conduit 1 is arranged with its induction end at the front of the boiler and extends longitudinally of the latter, substantially as in Fig. 2, where it is shown as comprising six lengths, each composed of several sections and united by suit able connections a at the ends of the boiler, thus forming a long conduit, through which the water is conducted before being delivered within the boiler in the form of steam or steam and highly-heated water.

In order to provide supports for the conduit 1 independent of the flues', and at the same time obviate the necessity for making special attachments to or otherwise interfering with the integrity of the shell, I have devised the following novel mode of supporting and sustaining the conduit within the boiler and of adjusting or determining its height, so as to receive the most effective action. To

. the front stay-rods E on each side of the drypipe G is attached a clamp or bracket 5 as, for example, by applying two plates 6 to the stays and clamping them securely but removably and adj ustably thereto by a bolt or bolts 7. To the clamp-bracket 5 is attached a vertical adjusting-rod 8, upon which is suspended a clamp 9, engaging the conduit 1. The clamp 9 may consist of a baror plate 10, extending across the front of the boiler and beneath the conduit and suspended upon the two rods 8, one on each side of the center of the plate, and adjustment may be provided for by threading the rods 8 into the clamp or brackets 5 above, and swiveling them in or upon the clamps 9 or the bar 10, as shown, so that when said rods are rotated, as by application of a wrench to an angular portion 11, or by other means, the clamp 9, carrying the forward end of the conduit, will be raised or lowered. The conduit may be retained securely in position upon the bar 10 by means of a superposed bar 12 and bolts 18, these elements, in conjunction with the bar 10, forming what is herein referred to as the clamps 9.

As it is sometimes necessaryto elevate the front end of the conduit to such a degree that the inner lengths will stand with their upper surfaces somewhat above the lower face of the dry-pipe G, the upper member of the clamp 9 may be formed in separate sections, as shown, to admit the dry-pipe between them. The rear end of the conduit is, in like manner, provided with or received in an adjustable and removable clamp, represented in the drawings as comprising two members 15 10, with bolts 17, for clamping them upon the conduit. The rear clamp is also suspended upon vertically-adjustable rods 18, depending from brackets 19, secured to the hanger or yoke 20, in which the dry-pipe is supported.

Provision is made for the vertical adjustment of the clamp or support for the rear end of the conduit by providing the rods 18 with swivel-connections at one end and threaded connections at the other, so that as said rods are rotated the clamp, together with the purifier, will be raised or lowered, as in the case of the front clamps and opposite end of purifier.

As is obvious,other well-known equivalent forms of clamps for holding the conduit and adjustable connections for raising and lowering them maybe substituted for those shown, the essential feature of this part of the invention residing, primarily, in the provision for suspending the feed-Water conduit 1 Within the boiler and above and independent of the fiues, upon the stay-rods at one end and the dry-pipe support at the other, whereby these parts, common to most boilers as heretofore constructed, are utilized for this purpose without involving any other or further attach- As the present invention is mainly designed for application to boilers that have been in use, although equally well adapted for new boilers, special provision is made for facilitating the insertion of the feed-water heater and purifier, which operation is usually performed when the locomotive is laid up for cleaning and repair. At such times it is customary to withdraw the dry-pipe and remove the flues through the opening made in the vfront flue-sheet by the removal of the drypipe. The removal of the lines is necessary in order to clean them of scale and permit the workmen to enter within the boiler for the purpose of removing the crown-bars or to make repairs.

It is while the lines are out that I introduce, secure, and adjust the conduit 1 within the boiler, and in order to provide an exit for the operator through the steam-dome, where he must enter, as well as to afford a space for him to stand while removing or repairing the crown-bars D, I make the central portion of the rear end of the conduit 1 shorter than the tines, thereby providing an opening below the rear flue-sheet and cond uit, through which the workman can pass to the space above the fire-box or in which he can stand while removing the crown-bars or making repairs at this end of the boiler. In order, however, that the aggregate length of the conduit shall not be materially diminished in consequence of this shortening of the central section, the outer lengths are carried close to the boiler and their rear ends curved or bent on diverging lines following the enlargement of the boiler at this point, so that a wider space is left between the rear ends of these outside lengths of the conduit, which is utilized by the workman in making repairs at this end of the boiler such as could not otherwise be made without removing the purifier or some portion of it.

The eduction end 26 of the conduit 1, preferably formed or provided with two or more discharge pipes or openings 27, is adj ustably attached to the forward stay-rod E as by an adjustable hanger 28, whereby this end of the conduit can be raised or lowered relatively to the water-line or plane of the rest of the conduit, as it is of the utmost importance that the eduction or discharge end should stand well above the water-line and project into the steam-space, thereby preventing the escape'of the water in the boiler through the purifier when blowing out the sedimentary deposits, and also aids in effecting the conversion of the water into steam before being discharged into the general circulation of the boiler. Ordinarily the feed-water appliances connected to the check-valve casings H II on each side of the boiler deliver water through openings in the shell directly into the interior of the boiler.

In applying my improved feed-water heater and purifier, I connect both check-valve casings with the induction end of the conduit 1 by pipes located wholly within the boiler and attached directly to the eduction-passages leading from the check-valves to the interior of the shell. One mode of accomplishing this is by providing the induction end of the conduit with a pipe 31 connected by an elbow with a transverse pipe 32, which is in turn connected to the eduction pipe or orifice of check-valve H. The other check-valve II is connected by a pipe 33 with the pipe 31, so that the feed-water appliances on opposite sides of the boiler are placed in direct communication with the conduit 1 without the addition of other external fittings, and by 10- eating the connections wholly within the boiler not only can the attachment be made at comparatively slight expense, but in case any of the joints should leak no great damage or in convenience would result therefrom.

The sediment, &c., which was deposited within the conduit is removed in the usual manner by blowing off -that is to say, by opening an escape-pipe connected with the induction end of the conduit, so that the steam will force its way back through the conduit.

The blow-01f pipe is usually carried beneath the engine, the steam, water, and sediment being discharged upon the track. This isa source of some annoyance, particularly when, as is frequently the case, the blowingoff operation is performed While the engine is standing at the station, and is more particularly objectionable, or is liable to be so regarded, when, as I contemplate doing, the blow-01f is more frequently used than is common, for the purpose of clearing out the purifier.

In lieu of or as additional to the usual c011- nect-ions provided for discharging steam beneath the engine, I connect to one of the cheek-valve boxes, preferably the one on the right-hand side, for the convenience of the engineer, and above the valve, or between it and the boiler, a valve, preferably a globevalve 10, controlled from the cab and governing a passage through a pipe 41, arranged to discharge the steam into the smoke-stack, whereby, after the water has been removed from the conduit, or when not present in large enough quantities to do damage, the steam is allowed to escape through the conduit 1 into the smoke-stack, where it is much less obj eetionable than beneath the engine.

The method or mode of maintaining the supply of water in steam-boilers by delivering the feed-Water in the form of steam, which is adverted to herein, is not claimed in this, but is reserved for a separate application filed September 2'7, 1889, Serial No. 325,238.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is 1. The combination, in a feed-water purifier such as describedaof a conduit through which the water is conducted to the boiler, located within the latter and provided with plates or abutments, as at 3, located at intervals in the length of the conduit and in the lower section of the opening therein, substantially as described.

2. The combination, to form a feed-Water heater and purifier such as described, of a conduit located within the boiler and provided with internal tubes arranged at intervals in the length of the conduit, with retarding-plates occupying the lower portion of the conduit and arranged in the spaces between contiguous groups of internal tubes, substan-' tially as described.

3. A feed-Water heater and purifier such as described, consisting, essentially, of a series of tubular sections united together and provided with shorter internal tubes and an inclined-face abutment 3, located in the induction end of the section, substantially as described.

4; The combination, to form a feed-water heater and purifier for application within the boiler, of a series of sections united together to form a continuous conduit, the sections ICC forming said conduit being provided with a series of shorter perforated tubes held separated and removed from the ends of the section to form chambers therein, with an inclined-faced plate or abutment 3, located in the induction end of the section, substantially as described.

5. In combination with a locomotive-boiler such as described, a feed-water heater and purifier suspended by adjustable supports at opposite ends upon the stay-rods and drypipe yoke, substantially as described.

I 6. In combination with a locomotive-boiler, afeed-water heater and purifier suspended above the flues upon adjustable and removable supports indirectly connected to the shell of the boiler above the flues, substantially as described.

7. In combination with alocomotive-boiler such as described, a feed-water heater located within the boiler above the lines, clamps removably applied to the heater at or near the ends thereof, and adjustable hangers or supports interposed between the stay-rods and clamp at one end and the dry-pipe yoke and clamp at the opposite end, substantially as described.

8. I11 a locomotive-boiler such as described, and in combination with the fluesheet, stayrods, and the dry-pipe yoke, brackets provided with adj Listing-rods and connected to clamps, the latter detachably applied to the feed-1 water heater to support and adjust the position of .the heater above the fines, substantially as described.

9. In combination with alocomotiveboiler such as described, a conduit extending longitudinally of the boiler above the fines and. supported at each end within the boiler, and an independent adjustable support for the discharge end of the conduit, substantially as described.

10. In combination with a locomotive-boiler such as described, a feed-water heater suspended above the lines and provided with a removable clamp or clamps applied to its rear end and extending above the crown-bars, said extensions being provided with a lug engaging the sides of the crown-bars to prevent longitudinal movement of the heater, substantially as described.

11. In combination with a locomotive-boiler such as described,a feed-waterheater located wholly within the boiler and above theflues, connections intermediate the heater and the check-valve casings on opposite sides of the boiler for placing both feed-water pipes in communicationwith the heater, and a pipe provided with a valve connected to one of the check-valve casings above the check-valve, through which steam is discharged while blowing off to clear the heater, substantially as described.

12. In combination with the boiler, feedwater pipes, and heater, the latter located within the boiler, a pipe controlled by a valve and communicating with the induction end of heater and the interior of smoke-stack, through which the escaping steam is discharged into the smoke-stack when blowing off to clear the heater, substantially as described.

13. In alocomotive-boiler such as described, and in combination with the shell, the check-valve casing, and a feed-water heater located within the boiler and connected with the check-valve casing through the shell, a supplemental valve mounted upon the check-valve casing and communicating therewith, and a pipe leading from said supplemental valve to the interior of the smokestack, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

BENJAMIN F. FIELD.

\Vitnesses:

ALEX. S. STEUART, THOMAS DURANT. 

